NEB&W Guide to Other Steam Locomotive Models

Last Update: 2009-10-09

Loco Models Table of Contents
Locos Table of Contents
Rolling Stock Table of Contents

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A.C.I.

• Rio Grande 2-6-0 - This Long Beach, CA company offered a kit for this loco, which had a die-cast boiler, brass cab, domes, and stack. (Only advertised for a short time and I've never seen the manufacturer listing any other products.)
  • [Photo.]

Boilermakers

This was said to be a division of Hofmann Electric. Around 1983, they offered a series of "filled" epoxy boilers intended to fit on Mantua mechanisms.

• CNJ 0-6-0 Camelback - For a model of the Central of New Jersey's B-2 class.
  • [Model photo.]

• CB&Q 0-6-0 Switcher - Class G-3.
  • [Three models.]

• CB&Q 2-8-2 Mikado - Class O-2. The Burlington's class O-1 Mikados were built in 1910. Two years later, the O-2 class were built by Baldwin, 100 locos, nos. 5200-5299. Sixty more locos came between 1915 and 1919, class O-3, nos. 5300-5359, said to be very similar to the O-2. The O-2 class had 64 inch drivers and I would guess the O-3 did, too.
  • [Three models.]
  • [CB&Q 5323, O-3, Railway Mechanical Engineer, 1946.]

• CB&Q 2-10-2 Santa Fe - Class M-3. I know the Burlington got 15 USRA locos of this type, along with two other classes of Santa Fe's. The M-3 class was the USRA version, but the model photo doesn't look much like a USRA engine. (If it was based on this prototype, well, then the kit would be useful, I would think, for other USRA 2-10-2's. Of course, there are better models available today of the USRA version.)
  • [Three models.]

Boyd

• GB&W 2-6-0 Mogul - Around 1973, this company produced a single kit, a cast metal Green Bay & Western Mogul. The metal was said to be a special type that could be glued together, but I'm wondering if it was basically the same type of soft metal, but the advent of the ACC superglues made gluing an option.
  • [Model photo, courtesy Wm.K. Walthers.]
  • [Another photo, courtesy Wm.K. Walthers.]
  • [Rear view, courtesy Wm.K. Walthers.]
  Don't know my GB&W steam, but there was an Alco builder's photo of no. 38 in the 1919 Loco Cyc. which probably was from the same class. It had 56 inch drivers. (It was built for the Kewaunee, Green Bay & Western, a subsidiary of the GBW.)
  • [Alco builder's photo.]

Bradford Locomotive Works

Kits of cast resin superstructures riding on Bowser mechanisms. Resurrected as Eddystone Locomotive. See Eddystone for more info.

• D&H 2-8-0 Consolidation - No. 1111, nicknamed "Four Aces" but this kit also modeled other locos of the same class, E-5a. These locos were 63 inch drivered single cab locos built between 1926 and '30, nos. 1111-1122. They lasted until the end of steam on the D&H, being scrapped between 1951 and '53.
  • [No. 1111 in service photo. From the D&H's 1941 Railroadians of America, Book No. 3.]
  • [No. 1117. D&H builder's photo. Note the unique ashpan and "sports-model" cab.]
  • [Photo of the kit boiler and separate cab. (To facilitate the casting process, the front wall of the cab was cast onto the boiler.)]
  • [Close-up of the cab resting in place on the kit boiler.]
  • [Built-up model.]
  • [Another photo.]

• Rutland 4-6-0 Ten-Wheeler - The Rutland had three classes of ten-wheelers (4-6-0's). Two classes were considered "light", both of these purchased in 1902, while the "heavy" ten-wheelers were sisters to the New York Central's engines.
  The light ten-wheelers were basically standard Alco products of the day, and differed mainly in the size of the drivers and the firebox arrangement. The 40's series had 69 inch drivers, which allowed slightly greater speed, but this forced the firebox between the drivers. The 50's had 63 inch drivers, which allowed the firebox to sit on top and spread out, so these had more power but at the expense of speed.
  I believe this kit is based on the 50 class of ten-wheelers. There were 8 "low-wheel" Ten-Wheelers built by Schenectady in 1902, nos. 212-213, 422-423, and 482-485. In 1905, they were given NYC numbers, nos. 2050-2057, and then in 1913, renumbered 50-57. One loco, no. 54, was scraped in late '46, while the rest lasted until 1948-'51.
  • [Class diagram, nos. 57-58. Courtesy Bob Nimke.]
  • [Rutland 53 on the Burlington turntable. Notice how the firebox sits over the drivers.]
  • [Rutland 57.]
  • [Rutland 57, another view.]

Cary

Company produced a few soft-metal cast boilers to put on other manufacturers' models. I think Bowser eventually acquired the line. The boilers came with the cab cast one, which makes a problem for the front of the cab. It was hard for them to cast in windows and an overhang with this method.

• 4-4-0 Conversion Boiler - This was produced for the Mantua General mechanism.
  • [Model photo, courtesy Wm.K. Walthers.]
  • [Model photo on our layout.]
  • [Another model photo on our layout.]
  • [And another model photo.]
  • [And another.]
  • [And yet another.]
  • [And yet another.]
  • [And yet another.]
  • [Notice how the front of the cab has a crescent-shaped overhang due to the casting process.]
  The General had something like 61 drivers which is pretty typical but the spacing between drivers pretty small as befitting a c. 1850's loco.
  Tim Thompson said he was lead to believe that the casting is based on plans of a Kansas City Southern 4-4-0 published in a mid to late 1950's Model Railroader. He said he overlaid the Cary casting on the drawings and found they were pretty much identical. (Even if NOT based on those plans, it is good to know the casting matches a prototype.)

• 4-4-0 Conversion Boiler - This was produced for the longer AHM/IHC/Rivarossi Reno of Genoa. The resulting conversion would be akin to the Bachmann modern 4-4-0. At some point thereafter, Rivarossi changed the mechanism so much the boiler no longer fit. So Cary modified it to fit over the General, but in my opinion, this version looked ridiculous. (Drivers are too close together for the length of the boiler.)
  • [Model photo, courtesy Wm.K. Walthers. (Note there was no overhang on the front of the cab.)]

Charmerz

Around 1971, the Chas. C. Merzbach Co. introduced two ready-to-run locos, a switcher apparently produced by or pirated from the Mantua model, and a Ten-wheeler, a European model given American roadnames. Both locos operating smoke. (OOooooh, shades of Lionel!) (By the way, Merzbach was the exclusive importer of Fleischmann HO at the time.)

• 1309PS PRR 0-4-0 Switcher - I suspect they simply copied the Mantua loco as the flanges on the Charmerz one is much deeper. (In other words, they didn't simply get Mantua to make it and then relabeled it as Charmerz.)
  • [Charmez ad.]

• 1367 ATSF 2-8-2 Mikado - Strange looking beast (the model), like an articulated loco with its extended pilot deck was cut back into a Mikado mechanism. Don't know how prototypical (or what prototype, if any).
  • [Charmez ad.]
  Wonder if this is the Fleischmann Mikado, with new front end?
  • [Model as decorated for Union Pacific.]

• 1369PS PRR 4-6-0 Ten-wheeler - Clearly a European design, although the tender might have made new just for the American market.
  • [Charmez ad.]

Con-Cor

Static display models, once offered by Monogram. I think these might be originally Airfix models. At one time, considering the price, pretty nice models, but certainly not detailed enough anyone in their right mind would try to power (also because both models have been produced many times by other makers as working models). On the other hand, ideal for either dummy locos to be partially visible in a roundhouse, or parts such as a flat car load of parts going to scrap. However, since Con-Cor acquired them, they jacked the price up and you'd probably be better off finding a non-working AHM model as better detailed and probably cheaper.

• NYC 4-6-4 Hudson - The first Hudsons were the J1, built in 1927. Basically it had a straight boiler. The J2 class (20 locos) were built for the hilly Boston & Albany and had 75 inch drivers instead of 79 inches.
  Alco built 50 of these J3 Hudsons in 1937-'38, nos. 5404-5454. No. 5344 was the first loco to be streamlined, given a "bathtub" shroud in '34, but five years later, in '39, was rebuilt to have the same type of streamlining as the other J3's. In 1945, after a grade crossing accident, the shrouding was removed. This loco was the prototype of the famous Lionel O-gauge scale model.
  • [NYC 5405.]

• UP 4-8-8-4 Big Boy - By many attributes, this class of locos were the biggest steam engines ever produced. Only the UP had locos like this. These locos were constructed in late 1941 (nos. 4000-4019), with five more built in '44 (nos. 4020-4024). Legend has it that the name came about when some unknown worker at Alco chalked "Big Boy" on the smokebox front. They stayed in service until 1962 and a large number (proportionately) were preserved.
  • [UP 4002, broadside. Railway Age, 1941.]
  • [UP 4002, front. Railway Age, 1941.]
  • [UP 4000, in service. Railway Age, 1941.]

Conover Miniature Railroads

• 4-4-0 American - In 1938, the Tarrytown, NY company offered a very hefty loco, with a tender drive. Looks like it had a Belpaire firebox, which would indicate this was based on a PRR loco. Most of the parts were cast bronze, although the cab was made of stamped parts and came assembled. Don't know what happened to the company although a year later, Laconia was offering a couple of locos under the name "Conover-Laconia", including a 4-4-0 (but with no photo of the 4-4-0).

John A. English

These were cast metal loco kits which I think some or all wound up under Bowser. Later on, they came up with a series of very inexpensive non-working plastic kits, including three locos, which they marketed under the HObbyline label. (See HObbyline for info on these.)

• 0-4-0 "Yard Bird" - Said to be based on the PRR's A5 switchers (the same prototype as a Bowser model). The English model was introducted around 1949 and at some point, converted to plastic.
  • [Model photo.]
  • [Another model photo.]
  According to Bowser, 47 of these PRR locos were home-built, starting in 1916. The prototype had 50 inch drivers and a 7 ft. 3 in. long wheelbase. This class of switchers had the most up-to-date features including piston valves and Walschaerts valve gear, essentially a modernized version of earlier PRR 0-4-0's.
  • [PRR 136, class A5s, Pennsy photo.]

• Pacific 4-6-2 - Introduced around 1950. In the English ad, they even stated it was similar to Santa Fe and USRA Pacifics. Basically, it had the look of a USRA light Pacific, but with the distinctive ATSF cab. The kit did not include any valve gear. (For years and years, this was as close as one could get to a USRA Pacific, other than brass imports.)
  • [Unpainted model.]
  • [Painted but unlettered model.]

• Mikado 2-8-2 - Their Pacific superstructure on a Mikado mechanism.
  • [English ad.]

Fleischmann

Manufacturers of ready-to-run European rolling stock, but in the late '50's, tried to tap the North American market by putting American roadnames on some of their products. (They might have made a couple of cosmetic changes, such as putting a pilot on their locos.) The sloped-in cab is a very European trait, although I think I've seen ONE American loco with that feature, a Lehigh Valley Pacific.

• 1366 4-6-2 Pacific
  • [Model as decorated for Pennsy. (The tender looks like the Varney one.)]
  • [LV 2089. Railway Age, 1926.]

• 1367 2-8-2 Mikado - Same superstructure as the Pacific (above) on a 2-8-2.
  • [Model as decorated for Union Pacific.]

Frame-Craft

• Consolidation Conversion - Around 1961, this company offered a new frame, spoked pilot, lead truck, etc. to convert the MDC 0-6-0 into a pocket 2-8-0.
  • [Frame-craft ad.]

A.C. Gilbert

For years, the A.C. Gilbert Company made the famous Erector construction sets and produced the American Flyer brand of toy trains, which were made to "S" scale (roughly half-way between O gauge and HO scale). In 1938, while their bitter rival Lionel was producing OO scale trains, Gilbert recognized HO was going to win out in the long. Gilbert came out with some HO scale equipment, including a model of the NYC Hudson. (The NYC Hudson, in O scale, had represented the epitome of Lionel's O gauge line and I think it was deliberate on Gilbert's part to beat Lionel with this model in HO. And the Gilbert r-t-r version was only $12.50, while other assembled loco kits were sold at upwards of $75, big money in those days.)

• PRR 0-6-0 Switcher - This was advertised in 1949, and proudly proclaimed a Pennsy switcher, not just an 0-6-0 which was recognizable as PRR. The first B class switchers, I believe, were built in 1902, and these were built through 1924. Driver diameter was 56 inches, which is a little bigger than the typical 51 inch diameter of most switchers. (Wouldn't be surprised is Gilbert used a 51 inch driver which due to the deep flanges of the time, would look bigger and pass for 56 inches. But I'm just guessing.)
  • [PRR 491, class B6sa.]
  • [PRR 914, class B6sb, Pennsy photo.]
  • [PRR 4179, class B6sb, builder's photo.]
  • [Gilbert model, 1949 ad.]
  • [Another model photo.]
  • [And another photo, broadside view.]

• NYC 4-6-4 Hudson - First offered in 1939, for a couple of decades this was one of those locos everyone got, because it was a ready-to-run heavy duty loco in a sea of complicated kits. (Yes, most models of that time were available in both kit form and r-t-r, but I'm not sure of running quality of these. The Gilbert model only came r-t-r and like its tinplate cousins, could be relied on to run.)
  • [Gilbert model, 1939 ad.]
  • [Another model photo, Gilbert ad.]
  • [And yet another photo, Gilbert ad.]
  • [Model on our layout, original loco used by the club way back.]

HObbyline

John English at first offered cast metal loco kits. (See English.) Around 1960 - '70, they marketed a line of very cheap non-working plastic kits. (Because the models are so different, I'm listing them separately.)

• 0-4-0 Saddletank
  • [Model.]

• 0-4-0 Switcher - Clearly a PRR based model, probably the A5 switcher. In the English line of cast-metal working locos, they also had an A5, which I understand was later converted to plastic. (Don't know if the working plastic model became this non-working plastic version.
  • [Model.]

• NKP 2-8-4 Berkshire - Until AHM came out with their version, this was a highly desirable model. At one time, there was a company that offered a working mechanism to power this.
  • [Model.]
  The original 2-8-4 loco was basically a super powerful version of a 2-8-2, a freight engine. The pony truck did not track as wheel as the four-wheel version so it couldn't run as well at speed. I understand by the time of the NKP version, they had improved the two-wheel lead truck to where such a loco could be used on passenger and other high speed service. The first 15 were built in 1934.
  • [NKP 703. Builder's photo, 1934.]
  • [NKP 703, front view. Builder's photo, 1934. (Note this doesn't have a Mars light.)]
  • [NKP 766. Lima ad, 1947. Also no Mars light.]
  • [NKP 700. Soph Marty photo.]
  • [NKP 712. Soph Marty photo.]
  • [NKP 742. Soph Marty photo.]
  No. 779 was the last steam locomotive built by Lima, in 1948, one of 10 engines, S-3, nos. 770-779, and one of 65 Berkshires total for the NKP. Nearly identical locos were built for the Pere Marquette and very similar to a few other roads.

InterMountain

InterMountain has been around for awhile, mostly doing freight cars, but also diesels. Didn't know they had branched out to steam.

• SP AC-12 4-8-8-4 Cab Forward - These were locos on the SP that were built to run cab first, because of the many and long tunnels and snowsheds. This kept the crew in front of the exhaust, not trailing it. These engines burned oil which could be piped to the firebox. Otherwise they couldn't have separated the firebox from the tender.
  According to the review in the June '66 MR, there were several classes of cab forwards, AC-4 through AC-12. The first three series (AC-4 through AC-6) had a flat front to the cab, while the rest had a rounded front.
  The classes are as follows:
  • AC-4, nos. 4100-4109, built in 1928.
  • AC-5, nos. 4110-4125, built in 1929.
  • AC-6, nos. 4126-4150, built in 1930.
  • AC-7, nos. 4151-4176, built in 1937.
  • AC-8, nos. 4177-4204, built in 1939.
  • AC-9, coal-burning "cab backwards" locos.
  • AC-10, ?
  • AC-11, nos. 4245-4274, 30 locos built by Balwin in 1942-'43.
  The AHM model was based on the plans of AC-11 no. 4272 in the June '48 MR and reprinted in Steam Loco Cyclopedia.
  • [SP 4100, Railway Signaling, 1926. Built c. 1923, the first locos, up until no. 4150, had a flat front. (Those holes under the cab were later plugged.]
  • [SP 4100 with plugged portholes. W.C. Whittaker photo.]
  • [SP 4101. Railway Age, 1943.]
  • [SP 4117, being turned. Railway Age, 1943.]
  • [SP 4152 (I think, it might be 4132) on a long freight. Railway Age, 1945.]
  • [SP 4159, Railway Age, 1938. The bowed front allowed them to check the staybolts without having to remove the cab.]
  • [SP 4177, one of 20 being built by Baldwin. Railway Age, 1939.]
  • [SP 4211, Railway Age, 1942.]
  • [SP 4272, Railway Age, 1948.]
  • [SP 4272, Railway Age, 1948. Fireman's side.]
  • [AHM model numbered 4272, in the post 1945 lettering. This upgraded model c. 1979 has reduced .039 inch deep flanges.]
  The first cab forwards were the MC-2 class ("Mallet - Consolidation) built in 1910. "AC" stood for "articulated - consolidation", probably meaning they were not compound engines. The SP had a total of 256 cab forwards and no other road is known to have had any.
  • [Class diagram of the 2-8-8-2 Mallet. Railway Age, 1911.]
  • [Postcard c. WWI. (The most distinguishing feature is the bulky arc headlight.)]
  There was the AC-9 class, 12 locos built by Lima in '39, which being coal burning locos, had to have the cab back by the tender. These locos looked like backwards cab forwards - the article in a '39 Railway Age even mentioned this. (And one could suggest these with the model turned around, although these had a streamlined skyline casting). These locos were used in the southwest, burning low grade bituminous coal from Dawson Field, NM. The driver diameter was 64 inches on these.
  • [Builder's photo SP 3800.]
  • [Builder's photo front. (The pilot is sheet metal with the "spokes/slats" painted on.)]
  • [Ad. Railway Age, 1943.]

International Models

• 4-4-0 - A brass kit from the early days of the hobby of an 1870's loco.
  • [Model.]

Kemtron

Company was founded and run by Levon Kemalyan from 1958 until 1972, a few years before his death in 1976.

• Wabash 2-6-0 - Class F-7 with 64 inch drivers, similar also to the Wabash's F-4 class. No. 573, built by Rhode Island in 1899, has been preserved at the St. Louis Museum of Transportation. In the 1950's, Mel Thornburgh did a 6-part scratchbuilding article on a model in Model Railroader (1959), which is where Kemtron probably got their inspiration.
  The Wabash kept four of these locos in service until 1956 for due to weight restrictions on the bridges of an Iowa branch, even as they dieselized the rest of their system. These four were the last Wabash steamers in service.

Kitmaster

A line of inexpensive non-working plastic models of steam locos (and passenger cars) from around the world. I think the Hudson model was later marketed under the Monogram label. They were marketed by AHM around 1962. (I'm only discussing the models of American models.)

• K1 Stephenson Rocket -

• K3 American General - The General was a loco built in 1855 and used by raiders during the Civil War for the "Great Locomotive Chase". Sometime after the War, the loco was modernized. It is preserved as modernized at Kennesaw, GA. It is this 1870's or '80's version that Mantua copied.
  • [Prototype photo c. 1864, showing remnants of the original construction.]
  • [Prototype postcard.]
  • [Prototype on display at the 1945 "Railroads on Parade".]
  • [Prototype L&N photo.]
  • [Model photo.]

• K34 NYC Hudson - For years, Lionel made freelanced O gauge steam loco models, but around WWII, they took a brief plunge into scale by producing a model of the NYC's J3a Hudson, a class just recently produced and a loco from Lionel's neck of the woods. While this foray into scale went no further, this particular model was drooled over and thus bringing this specific prototype into the public spotlight.
  The first Hudsons were the J1, built in 1927. Basically it had a straight boiler. The J2 class (20 locos) were built for the hilly Boston & Albany and had 75 inch drivers instead of 79 inches.
  Alco built 50 of these J3 Hudsons in 1937-'38, nos. 5404-5454. No. 5344 was the first loco to be streamlined, given a "bathtub" shroud in '34, but five years later, in '39, was rebuilt to have the same type of streamlining as the other J3's. In 1945, after a grade crossing accident, the shrouding was removed. This loco was the prototype of the famous Lionel O-gauge scale model.
  • [NYC 5405.]
  • [NYC 5405, broadside, 1937 Alco builder's photo.]
  • [Model.]

Knapp Electric

• 4-8-2 - This Indianapolis, IN company produced this model in both ready-to-run and kit form, c. late '30's. While they produced other rolling stock, this might be their only loco. The loco was composed of mainly bronze castings.
  • [Model photo, 1938 ad.]
  • [Another model photo, 1938 ad.]

Laconia

In 1939, this Laconia, NH company was advertising itself as a new "line". Their rolling stock was branded the same "Laconia" but their locos were under the name "Conover-Laconia". Conover (of Tarrytown, NY) had been advertising just a year earlier under their own name, so Laconia must have taken them over.

• 0-6-0 Switcher - Advertised in 1939 as coming in a few months, but don't know if it was ever produced. Nor do I have any idea what it looked like.

• B&O 2-10-2 - Apparently the same prototype as the AHM model three or four decades later.
  • [Photo from the Laconia ad. Think this is a prototype photo.]
  According to the review in the Dec. '67 of the AHM model, the B&O got their original "Santa Fe's" from Baldwin in 1914, class S-1. Subclass S-1a were built by Lima (unknown date), series 6175-6199 and series 6200-6224 were built by Baldwin in 1926. (I assume the Lima engines were also built in '26.) I would think the AHM model is based on the later S-1a which were essentially the same as the original engines, but with a larger tender. The last engines lasted until 1959.
  • [No. 6100, builder's photo, built in 1923. Drivers were 64 inches in diameter.]
  • [No. 6100, builder's photo, other side.]
  The loco had a Vanderbilt tender. There were two sand domes and I think they were unusual in being split in two (because the loco boiler was so close to vertical clearance, there wasn't much room left for the full dome across the top). The engine also has a characteristic B&O-style cab.

• 4-4-0 American - Conover advertised such an engine the previous year, which appeared to be based on a Pennsy prototype and I would assume this was the same kit.

Lionel

Lionel made O gauge equipment for years, including the 0-27 line which was capable of getting around the 27 inch diameter circle of track (13-1/2 inch radius, or the equivalent of 6 or 7 inches in HO). At one time, they tried large "Standard" gauged models and smaller OO scale (1/76 vs. 1/87 of HO). In the late '50's, they tried to break into the HO market with a whole big line of products. I think these were all items from other makers, marketed under the Lionel name. This apparently was not a great success as the whole line quickly disappear. (At this time in the hobby, there as a phase of trying to appear to the "grandma" market, who were looking to buy a train set for their grandchildren, so many HO companies tried for cruder, toy-like products). Finally, in the mid-'70's, they realized HO was here to stay and tried again with products for this market.

• 0600 Saddletank 0-4-0 - Yet another version of the B&O Dockside, inspired (copied) from the Varney model.
  The prototypes were four rather heavy saddletank locos (nos. 96-99) were built by Baldwin for the B&O in 1912. They were nicknamed as such because they were intended for the very sharp curves along the Baltimore dockside. In 1921, two were converted to regular type locos with tenders. (AHM at one point offered the rebuilt tender-equipped version.)
  • [No. 97.]
  • [No. 97, fireman's side. B&O photo c. 1947.]
  • [No. 97, rear. B&O photo c. 1947.]
  • [Lionel model.]

• 0605 Saddletank 0-4-0 - Different saddletank than the B&O version, above.
  • [Model.]
  What's the deal with the pilot? And the model was advertised as having a working headlight, but why is the light coming out of the number plate on the center of the smokebox and NOT the headlight up top?

• 0615LT Pacific 4-6-2 - This was one of their late '50's products. It would seem to simply be the Fleischmann loco, which was basically a European style steam loco with a few cosmetic changes, like a pilot. The sloped-in cab is very much a distinctive European feature (although I think I've seen ONE American loco with this feature, a Lehigh Valley Pacific.
  • [Lionel model, as decorated for the B&M.]
  • [Comparison of the Fleischmann (above) versus Lionel.]
  • [LV 2089. Railway Age, 1926.]

• SP 4-8-4
• American Freedom Train 4-8-4
  One of the famous Southern Pacific streamlined 4-8-4's, which had been maintained in working order for fan trip service, was repainted red, white, and blue to pull the "American Freedom Train" for the nation's bicentennial in 1976. (The train consisted of a bunch of smoothside passenger cars filled with historical artifacts and toured the country.) Lionel decided to cash in on the national frenzy with the American Freedom Train model, and also produced the same loco decorated in steam-era "Daylight" colors. I believe this model was inherited by Bachmann.
  • [SP version of the model.]
  • [Freedom Train version of the model.]
  Lima built 6 4-8-4 streamlined locos to the Southern Pacific about 1937 to haul the new Daylight between San Francisco and Los Angeles, with another 14 engines the next year. The second batch had 80 inch drivers. Don't really know which class is being modeled here, but I would suspect it would be the most modern one. (The first versions had a single headlight, not the twin headlights.)
  • [SP 4412 in Los Angeles, 1937. From Railway Age.]
  • [SP 4412 in a freight yard, 1937. From a Lima ad in Railway Age.]
  • [SP loco at the head of a passenger train. From a 1937 Lima ad in Railway Age.]
  The second batch had 80 inch drivers. (Pretty sure they all did, but I only know about this second group.) The following were said to all be similar:
  • GS-3, nos. 4416-4429.
    • [Lima builder's photo, 1938. (Can't read the number but would think this was a GS-3.)]
  • GS-4, nos. 4430-4457, built by Lima 1941-'42. (Should be 20 locos if the above is right, 6 and 14.)
    • [SP 4436. From a 1941 Lima ad in Railway Age. (Note this has the twin headlights.)]
    • [SP fleet. From a 1941 Lima ad in Railway Age.]
  • GS-5, nos. 4458-4459.
  (Bet the "GS" stands for "Golden State")
  The Western Pacific got 6 locos built to this design, due to the wartime restrictions on new designs. I believe these would have been painted black. (These might have been copies of the SP's GS-6 built in '43, nos. 4460-4463 with less streamlining and only 74 inch drivers. They were painted black and used intended for freight. Might be interesting to use this model to represent this class. Just repainting the loco would go a long way to suggest this class, even if you didn't swap out the drivers for smaller ones.)
  • [SP 4462, GS-6. Builder's photo.]

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